function _password_crypt

Hash a password using a secure stretched hash.

By using a salt and repeated hashing the password is "stretched". Its security is increased because it becomes much more computationally costly for an attacker to try to break the hash by brute-force computation of the hashes of a large number of plain-text words or strings to find a match.

Parameters

$algo: The string name of a hashing algorithm usable by hash(), like 'sha256'.

$password: Plain-text password up to 512 bytes (128 to 512 UTF-8 characters) to hash.

$setting: An existing hash or the output of _password_generate_salt(). Must be at least 12 characters (the settings and salt).

Return value

A string containing the hashed password (and salt) or FALSE on failure. The return string will be truncated at DRUPAL_HASH_LENGTH characters max.

File

includes/password.inc, line 152

Code

function _password_crypt($algo, $password, $setting) {
    // Prevent DoS attacks by refusing to hash large passwords.
    if (strlen($password) > 512) {
        return FALSE;
    }
    // The first 12 characters of an existing hash are its setting string.
    $setting = substr($setting, 0, 12);
    if ($setting[0] != '$' || $setting[2] != '$') {
        return FALSE;
    }
    $count_log2 = _password_get_count_log2($setting);
    // Hashes may be imported from elsewhere, so we allow != DRUPAL_HASH_COUNT
    if ($count_log2 < DRUPAL_MIN_HASH_COUNT || $count_log2 > DRUPAL_MAX_HASH_COUNT) {
        return FALSE;
    }
    $salt = substr($setting, 4, 8);
    // Hashes must have an 8 character salt.
    if (strlen($salt) != 8) {
        return FALSE;
    }
    // Convert the base 2 logarithm into an integer.
    $count = 1 << $count_log2;
    // We rely on the hash() function being available in PHP 5.2+.
    $hash = hash($algo, $salt . $password, TRUE);
    do {
        $hash = hash($algo, $hash . $password, TRUE);
    } while (--$count);
    $len = strlen($hash);
    $output = $setting . _password_base64_encode($hash, $len);
    // _password_base64_encode() of a 16 byte MD5 will always be 22 characters.
    // _password_base64_encode() of a 64 byte sha512 will always be 86 characters.
    $expected = 12 + ceil(8 * $len / 6);
    return strlen($output) == $expected ? substr($output, 0, DRUPAL_HASH_LENGTH) : FALSE;
}